L-Tyrosine | 60-18-4

Tyrosine (mu magambo ahinnye yitwa Tyr cyangwa Y) cyangwa 4-hydroxyphenylalanine, ni imwe muri 22 aside amine ikoreshwa na selile mu guhuza poroteyine. Codonsare yayo UAC na UAU. Ni aside amine idakenewe hamwe na polar kuruhande. Ijambo "tyrosine" rikomoka kuri tyros yo mu Bugereki, risobanura foromaje, kuko ryatangiye kuvumburwa mu 1846 n’umuhanga mu bya shimi w’umudage Justus von Liebig muri proteincasein ukomoka kuri foromaje. Yitwa tyrosyl iyo ivugwa nkurwego rukora rwitsinda ryuruhande.yrosine ni intangiriro ya neurotransmitter kandi ikongera urugero rwa plasmaneurotransmitter (cyane cyane DOPAM na norepinephrine) ariko ikagira ingaruka niba hari ingaruka kumyumvire. Ingaruka kumyumvire iragaragara cyane mubantu bahuye nibibazo bitesha umutwe.
Usibye kuba proteinogenic aminoacid, tyrosine ifite uruhare rwihariye bitewe na fenolike. Itoccurs muri poroteyine zigize inzira yo kohereza ibimenyetso. Ikora yakira amatsinda ya fosifate yimurwa hakoreshejwe proteinkinase (ibyo bita reseptor tyrosine kinase). Fosifora ya hydroxylgroup ihindura ibikorwa bya poroteyine yagenewe.
Ibisigarira bya tirozine nabyo bigira uruhare runini muri fotosintezeza. Muri chloroplasts (photosystem II), ikora nkumuterankunga wa anelectron mukugabanya chlorophyll ya okiside. Muriyi nzira, ihura na deprotonation ya fenolike ya OH-itsinda. Iyi radical ikurikiranwa mumafoto ya sisitemu ya II hamwe na bine yibanze ya manganese.
Ubushakashatsi butari buke bwerekanye ko tyrosine ifite akamaro mu bihe byo guhangayika, imbeho, umunaniro, kubura uwo wakundaga mu rupfu cyangwa gutandukana, akazi igihe kirekire no kubura ibitotsi, hamwe no kugabanya imisemburo ya hormone itera imbaraga, kugabanuka k'uburemere buterwa no guhangayika bigaragara muri ibigeragezo byinyamanswa, kunoza imikorere yimikorere niyumubiri igaragara muri humantrials; icyakora, kubera ko hydroxylase ya tyrosine ari enzyme igabanya igipimo, ingaruka ntizihagije ugereranije na L-DOPA.
Tyrosine ntabwo isa nkaho igira ingaruka zikomeye kumyumvire, ubwenge cyangwa imikorere yumubiri mubihe bisanzwe. Igipimo cya buri munsi cyikizamini cyamavuriro gishyigikirwa mubitabo ni mg / kg 100 kumuntu mukuru, bingana na garama 6.8 kuri litiro 150. Ibisanzwe bisanzwe bingana na mg 500-1500 kumunsi (dose yatanzwe nababikora benshi; mubisanzwe bihwanye na capsules 1-3 ya tirozine nziza). Ntabwo byemewe kurenga mg 12000 (12 g) kumunsi.